Research note
Comparing well-to-tank and tank-to-wake emissions in Malaysian shipping
Recent research examines zero-carbon shipping pathways through a comparative view of upstream and operational emissions.
Decarbonising shipping requires an understanding of emissions beyond the vessel's exhaust. This work compares well-to-tank and tank-to-wake emissions in the Malaysian shipping context.
It sits alongside research on EEXI, CII, cleaner fuels, and retrofit decisions for existing fleets.